Lumbar vertebra anatomical model Academic LxH

intervertebral discfor teachingwith nerves

New features include: circumferential (diffuse) disc bulge superimposed disc protrusion limacon shaped annulus peripherally exposed calcified endplate elastomeric white articular cartilage subchondrial bone exposed with hyaline fibrillation bone coloured L5 white superior endplate matching the colour of the articular cartilage New cauda equina The anatomical features that remain (from the previous model): flexible and dynamic herniating (or prolapse) nucleus pulposus. This is achieved through a realistic 2-part intervertebral disc with 6 degrees of freedom. Nuclear migration upon manual compression through a torn annulus fibrosus explaining pain generators under load. right posterior-lateral radial and circumferential(concentric) fissure transparent L4 randomly scattered and embedded black nuclear structures to show nuclear shifting dynamics through the L4 view lens easily L5 superior endplate pores (black) L5 superior endplate lesion (red) vasculature in L4 vertebral body (red) facet subchondrial vascularization (red) facet tropism (L5 inferior)