What is neutralizing antibody? What is the difference with other antibodies?
First understand what an antibody is: it refers to a protective protein produced by the body due to the stimulation of an antigen. Can be divided into 5 categories including IgM, IgD, IgG, IgA and IgE. Among them, IgG and IgM are important protective antibodies. Their production time and effects are different. IgM is the “vanguard” of the body’s anti-infection immunity, and IgG is the body’s “main force” in the fight against infection. Using this feature, IgG IgM and IgM are often used as important serological indicators for the diagnosis of infection.
Neutralizing antibody is a protective antibody produced by the immune system, which can recognize and prevent pathogens from binding to host cells and exert a protective effect. For the new crown, the new crown neutralizing antibody is an antibody that competes to bind to the S protein on the surface of the virus and blocks the S protein to prevent the virus from invading cells. Neutralizing antibodies, as antibodies with antiviral activity, account for only a small part of antiviral antibodies.
For evaluating vaccine effects, monitoring infection rates, herd immunity and protective immunity, and evaluating vaccine efficacy during clinical trials and after mass vaccination, it is necessary to determine the new coronavirus neutralizing antibodies.
The color intensity of the test line region (T) was inversely proportional to the concentration of anti-SARS-COV-2 neutralizing antibodies in the sample. The lower the color intensity of T line, the higher the concentration of neutralizing antibody in the sample .