Bovine Serum Albumin is a large, stable, soluble, monomeric, globular protein which makes up about half of the total serum protein. Due to its binding and transporting properties, BSA acts primarily as a carrier protein for hormones, fatty acids, trace minerals, vitamins and iron. However, it also plays a role in stabilising extracellular fluid volume and maintaining osmotic balance, as well as binding harmful toxins and free radicals.
Its in vitro uses are diverse, ranging from pharmaceutical and medical applications to agriculture and chemical manufacture.