Surgical instruments manufacturing is based mainly on Hand skill work. The master craftsmen spend their lives to learn the art and then produce world class instruments.
Material
First stage is the selection of material for a particular item keeping in view the required specifications. As discussed in my first post majority of the surgical instruments are manufactured from different Stainless steel grades. These grades for particular range of instruments can be found in standards like ISO 7153/1, BS 5194-4, AISI (F899).
Stainless Steel Grades
Few examples of the grades used are:
Magnetic Stainless Steels
AISI 410 /410X: Used for Gripping Instruments like Forceps, Tweezers, Dressing forceps, retractors etc.
AISI 420A : Used for Cutting instruments like Bone Rongeurs, Chisels, Gouges, scissors with carbide inserts and Needle Holders etc.
AISI 420B: Used for High grade cutting instruments like Scissors, Bone Rongeurs etc.
Non Magnetic Stainless Steel
AISI 304: Used for Cannula, Clamps, Holders, Spreaders, suction tubes etc.
Appropriate selection of the material helps in achieving the intended output of the manufacturing processes and the final required specifications.